Crafts and small trade on the Pader

With the continuous use of the Neuhaus castle complex, its surroundings gradually developed under Bishop Simon III. (officiating 1463-98), its surroundings, in which middle-class trades settled, gradually developed into the princely residence town.[1] These basic craftsmen, who supplemented the court’s self-sufficiency from within the town, probably included bakers, tailors, butchers, brewers, cobblers and blacksmiths as early as the 15th century. Until the middle of the 18th century, this basic commercial structure – perhaps with the exception of the textile industry, which was expanded in the 1660s – probably changed little in Neuhaus. Whereas in 1769 there were about 750 people of both sexes living in 119 Neuhaus households, almost 30 years later (1797) there were 1042 local inhabitants.[2] This corresponded to a considerable growth of a good 25 percent within one generation. Indirectly, this population increase is also reflected in the comparatively high number of nine local bakeries and four breweries, whose products covered the food requirements of the castle staff around 1800. Hops were grown between the Pader and Alme rivers for beer production as early as the 16th century. But the Pader water itself was probably also drawn directly from the river, as in neighbouring Paderborn,[3] for Neuhaus beer and bread. If one looks at the distribution of Neuhäus crafts on the original cadastral map (1829/30), the diversity of the Pader’s functions as a production factor is striking: on the banks of the „Wasserkunstpader“ and „Mühlenpader“ there were not only grinding and lifting mills, which directed the power of the river onto their wheels, but also dye works, bakeries, butchers and red tanneries in close succession. Their masters used the Pader water primarily to process and wash out semi-finished and finished products – or simply to dispose of their production residues. Between 1832 and 1868, numerous artisan households were concentrated in Neuhaus along the lower „Mühlenpader“ alone: